Abstract:
The review article summarizes the available and for the first time introduced into scientific circulation information about the creative history of translations of Shakespeare’s dramas by Apollon Grigoriev: “Lear,” “A Midsummer Night’s Dream,” “Shylock, the Venetian Jew” and “Romeo and Juliet,” about their passage through censorship, stage fate and responses to them from literary and theater critics. The text of the youthful translation of “King Lear” has come down to us only in a number of quotations from the censor’s report, which are published for the first time as part of an article. A hypothesis of the author consists in the fact that there is connection between the translations of “King Lear,” made simultaneously by Grigoriev and the actor Vasiliy Karatygin. The article contains a comparative analysis of critical assessments (a number of responses were found in periodicals for the first time). A textual study of manuscripts and lifetime editions revealed censorship and editorial interference in the text, which changed the author’s version. The research shows that Grigoriev’s translation strategy in his work on “A Midsummer Night’s Dream” was formed in the process of reviewing the translation of the same comedy by Nikolay Satin. Grigoriev also took into account the experience of Alexander Druzhinin’s translation of the tragedy “King Lear.” Work on the tragedy “Romeo and Juliet” was determined by the mnemonic experience of the performance, translated by Mikhail Katkov.
References
Bakhtin, N. N. “Shekspir v russkoi literature: (Bibliograficheskii ocherk)” [“Shakespeare in Russian Literature: (Bibliographic Essay)”]. Shekspir V. Polnoe sobranie sochinenii [Complete Works], vol. 5. St. Petersburg, Broggauz-Efron Publ., 1904, pp. 558–597. (In Russ.)
Bulgakov, A. S. “Rannee znakomstvo s Shekspirom v Rossii” [“Early Acquaintance with Shakespeare in Russia”]. Teatral’noe nasledie [Theatrical Legacy]. Leningrad, Gosudarstvennyi akademicheskii teatr dramy Publ., 1934, pp. 47–118. (In Russ.)
Evdokimov, A. A. “Shekspirovskaia mifologiia v interpretatsii A. A. Grigor’eva” [“Shakespearean Mythology in the Interpretation of A. A. Grigoriev”]. Mif v istorii, politike, kul’ture [Myth in History, Politics, Culture]. Sevastopol’, Black Sea Branch of Moscow State University Publ., 2019, pp. 72–76. (In Russ.)
Egorova, L. V. “Velikie tragedii v russkikh perevodakh” [“Great Tragedies in Russian Translations”]. Vestnik Vologodskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta. Seriia: Gumanitarnye, obshchestvennye, pedagogicheskie nauki, no. 1 (4), 2017, pp. 51–58. (In Russ.)
Istoriia russkogo dramaticheskogo teatra: v 7 t. [History of Russian Drama Theater: in 7 vols.]. Moscow, Iskusstvo Publ., 1977–1987. (In Russ.)
Levin, Iu. D. “Russkii romantizm; Shestidesiatye gody” [“Russian Romanticism; 60s”]. Shekspir i russkaia kul’tura [Shakespeare and Russian Culture], ed. by M. P. Alekseev. Moscow, Leningrad, Nauka Publ., 1965, pp. 201–315, 407–543. (In Russ.)
Lutsenko, E. M. “‘…Vozmozhnoe li delo — verno perevodit’ Shekspira?’: ‘Romeo i Dzhul’etta’ U. Shekspira v russkom zazerkal’e” [“‘…Is it Possible to Translate Shakespeare Correctly?’: ‘Romeo and Juliet’ by W. Shakespeare through the Russian Looking Glass”]. Shekspir, U. Romeo i Dzhul’etta [Romeo and Juliet], ed. prep. by E. M. Lutsenko. Moscow, Ladomir, Nauka Publ., 2021, pp. 583–637. (In Russ.)
Lutsenko, E. M. “ʽKus miasa,’ ‘vialenaia treska’ i zharkoe iz gusia: Telesno-bytovye idiomy v ‘Romeo i Dzhul’ette’ i ikh interpretatsiia v russkikh perevodakh XIX veka” [“ʽA Pretty Piece of Flesh,’ ‘Poor John’ and ‘Sweet Goose.’ Bodily and Commonplace Idioms in Shakespeare’s ‘Romeo and Juliet’ and Their Interpretation by Russian Translators in the 19th Century”]. Voprosy literatury, no. 6, 2017, pp. 237–264. (In Russ.)
Lutsenko, E. M. “Perevodcheskoe fiasko K. D. Bal’monta: chernovaia redaktsiia ‘Romeo i Dzhul’etty’ U. Shekspira” [“Konstantin Balmont’s Fatal Mistake: The Draft Translation of Romeo and Juliet by W. Shakespeare.”]. Shagi / Steps, vol. 5, no. 3, 2019, pp. 84–103. https://doi.org/10.22394/2412-9410-2019-5-3-84-103 (In Russ.)
Pervushina, E. A. “Russkie perevody tragedii Shekspira ‘Korol’ Lir’.” [“Russian Translations of Shakespeare’s Tragedy ‘King Lear’.”]. Shekspir, U. Korol’ Lir: Kvarto 1608, Folio 1623 [King Lear: Quarto 1608, Folio 1623], ed. prep. by A. N. Gorbunov. Moscow, Nauka Publ., 2013, pp. 338–358. (In Russ.)
